Original Article • Rev. Saúde Pública 52 12 Apr 2018 • https://doi.org/10.11606/S1518-8787.2018052000122   copy

Evaluation of the Family Health Support Centers focusing on the integration to supported teams

Thaís Titon de Souza Maria Cristina Marino Calvo About the authors

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the Brazilian Family Health Support Centers focusing on the integration to supported teams.

METHODS:

This is an evaluation study in which we carried out a documentary analysis and modeling of the intervention focusing on the work integrated to the supported teams, which has allowed us to describe dimensions, objectives, and expected results. We defined the outcome indicators and their respective measures and sources of information. We used consensus techniques with key informants to validate the models and the matrix of indicators.

RESULTS:

The evaluation study was appropriate, and it allowed a better definition and knowledge about the intervention.

CONCLUSIONS:

There is coherence between the objectives of the Family Health Support Centers and their structure, although there are difficulties to operationalize them. We recommend a formative evaluation of the Family Health Support Centers focusing on the work integrated to the supported teams, seeking to strengthen them to achieve the expected results.

DESCRIPTORS:
Health Evaluation; Health Human Resource Evaluation; Patient Care Team; Primary Health Care. manpower; Unified Health System

INTRODUCTION

The Brazilian Family Health Support Centers (NASF) were created in 2008 to expand the scope of the Primary Care (PC), as well as its resolubility11. Ministério da Saúde (BR). Portaria N° 154, de 24 de janeiro de 2008. Cria os Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família – NASF. Brasília (DF); 2008 [cited 2017 Jan 13]. Available from: http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/saudelegis/gm/2008/prt0154_24_01_2008.html
http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/saudelegis... . Its composition should be defined based on the health needs of the territory and the supported teams from the Family Health and Primary Care for Specific Populations (FH/PC teams), which share the responsibility for the production of care.

The matrix support guides the integrated work among these teams. Technicalpedagogical and care actions that better respond to the needs of the users or the territory are defined based on agreements between professionals22. Ministério da Saúde (BR), Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde, Departamento de Atenção Básica. Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Vol. 1: ferramentas para a gestão e para o trabalho cotidiano. Brasília (DF); Ministério da Saúde; 2014 [cited 2017 Jan 13]. (Cadernos de Atenção Básica, 39). Available from: http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/nucleo_apoio_saude_familia_cab39.pdf
http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoe... . The performance differs from the outpatient model and the logic of indiscriminate referrals, being guided by the extended care and co-responsibility33. Ministério da Saúde (BR), Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde, Departamento de Atenção Básica. Política Nacional de Atenção Básica. Brasília (DF): 2012 [cited 2017 Jan 13]. (Série E. Legislação em Saúde). Available from: http://189.28.128.100/dab/docs/publicacoes/geral/pnab.pdf
http://189.28.128.100/dab/docs/publicaco... ,44. Nascimento DDG, Oliveira MAC. Reflexões sobre as competências profissionais para o processo de trabalho nos Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Mundo Saude. 2010 [cited 2017 Jan 13];34(1):92-6. Available from: https://www.saocamilo-sp.br/pdf/mundo_saude/74/12_revisao_reflexoes.pdf
https://www.saocamilo-sp.br/pdf/mundo_sa... .

In order to achieve the expected integration and sharing and consequently the greatest possible degree of quality and resolubility, challenges are identified, such as insufficient mechanisms to monitor and evaluate the results achieved44. Nascimento DDG, Oliveira MAC. Reflexões sobre as competências profissionais para o processo de trabalho nos Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Mundo Saude. 2010 [cited 2017 Jan 13];34(1):92-6. Available from: https://www.saocamilo-sp.br/pdf/mundo_saude/74/12_revisao_reflexoes.pdf
https://www.saocamilo-sp.br/pdf/mundo_sa... –66. Costa MML. O Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF): contextualização de sua implantação na Atenção Básica à Saúde no Brasil. Brasília (DF): Universidade de Brasília; 2013. Trabalho de conclusão de curso de bacharelado em Serviço Social. Few studies report the results of the actions of the NASF on the supported teams and the population cared for, and they are, in general, related to their implementation or the performance of the different professional categories in PC77. Oliveira IC, Rocha RM, Cutolo LRA. Algumas palavras sobre o NASF: relatando uma experiência acadêmica. Rev Bras Educ Med. 2012;36(4):574-80. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-55022012000600019
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-5502201200... –1010. Souza CCBX, Ayres SP, Marcondes EMM. Metodologia de apoio matricial: interface entre a Terapia Ocupacional e a ferramenta de organização dos serviços de saúde. Cad Ter Ocup UFSCar. 2012;20(3):363-8. https://doi.org/10.4322/cto.2012.036
https://doi.org/10.4322/cto.2012.036... . The lack of official data on the work of the NASF hinders the evaluation of the results produced. Its inclusion in the Primary Care e-SUS and in the National Program for Improving Access and Quality of Primary Care (PMAQ) can contribute to overcome this gap.

Therefore, we need mechanisms to evaluate and monitor the NASF that consider the results achieved, especially from the work integrated to the supported teams. This study aimed to evaluate the Family Health Support Centers focusing on the integration to supported teams.

METHODS

This is an evaluation study (ES), understood as a set of procedures that precede the evaluation stage itself and which point to its usefulness and opportunity, making it more consistent and more credible1111. Natal S, Samico I, Oliveira LGD, Assis AMJ. Estudo de avaliabilidade da rede de formação de Recursos Humanos da Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde do Ministério da Saúde. Cad Saude Coletiva. 2010 [cited 2017 Jan 13];18(4):560-71. Available from: http://www.cadernos.iesc.ufrj.br/cadernos/images/csc/2010_4/artigos/CSC_v18n4_560-571.pdf
http://www.cadernos.iesc.ufrj.br/caderno... . Among the expected products, we can mention the complete description of the program or intervention under analysis and the definition of the main issues to be considered in the evaluation1212. Thurston WE, Ramaliu A. Evaluability assessment of a survivors of torture program: lessons learned. Can J Program Eval. 2005 [cited 2017 Jan 13];20(2):1-25. Available from: https://evaluationcanada.ca/secure/20-2-001.pdf
https://evaluationcanada.ca/secure/20-2-... .

We used the qualitative approach. Figure 1 presents the operation flowchart. We carried out a documentary analysis to elaborate the theoretical and logical models of the NASF focused on the work integrated to the supported teams. Based on a review of the documents from the Ministry of Health and specialized literature from the Lilacs (Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Sciences) and SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) databases, we selected nine papers and eighteen scientific papers. The inclusion criteria were: presence of one or more search terms (NASF, Family Health Support Center, matrix support) in the title (equivalent terms are not available in the Health Sciences Descriptors [DeCS]), online availability of the full text, text in Portuguese, and publication period between 2010 and 2015 for articles and between 2004 and 2015 for ministerial documents. We did not consider materials on aspects unique to professional categories that make up the NASF or experiences of matrix support developed by other health teams and the articles that were duplicated in the databases.

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Figure 1
Stages of the design of the evaluation study of the Family Health Support Centers.

After collecting information and clearly defining the object under study, we performed the initial modeling of the intervention. For the consensus of the models, we used the technique of Traditional Committee, with open discussion on a given topic between specialists1313. Hartz ZMA, organizadora. Avaliação em saúde: dos modelos conceituais à prática na análise da implantação de programas. Rio de Janeiro: Fiocruz; 1997.. We selected twelve key informants, represented by four NASF professionals, two FH/PC team professionals, two health managers, and four health assessment experts, who proposed relevant changes in the presented models. The NASF professionals, for example, reinforced the link of the NASF to the PC and pointed to the need to make clear the expected results of the work integrated to the supported teams.

We prepared a preliminary version of the matrix of indicators validated using the Consensus Conference, a technique that seeks to reconcile the possibility of open discussion and the preservation of the anonymity of the participants1414. Souza LEPF, Silva LMV, Hartz ZMA. Conferência de consenso sobre a imagem-objetivo da descentralização da atenção à saúde no Brasil. In: Hartz ZMA, Vieira da Silva LM, organizadoras. Rio de Janeiro: Fiocruz; 2005. p.65-102.. The experts indicated their complete agreement or partial or total disagreement with the elements of the matrix using an electronic questionnaire, suggesting changes. After consolidating the data, we carried out a consensus workshop to discuss issues that did not show agreement in the previous stage1313. Hartz ZMA, organizadora. Avaliação em saúde: dos modelos conceituais à prática na análise da implantação de programas. Rio de Janeiro: Fiocruz; 1997.. The contributions of the experts, including the NASF professionals, were significant to make the expected results clearer, to redefine indicators initially focused on process evaluation, to qualify measures and questions for the verification of the indicators, and to restructure the matrix to meet the objective of the evaluation of the results achieved by the NASF from the work integrated to the supported teams. Finally, we resent an electronic questionnaire containing the matrix, obtaining a final consensus. Twelve key informants participated in these steps with representation similar to the consensualization phase of the models.

The research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee with Human Beings of the Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (Opinion 1,248,870/2015), in relation to the ethical precepts. All participants had access and signed the informed consent.

RESULTS

Theoretical Model

The theoretical model of the NASF guides how it ideally works to achieve its goals1515. Medina MG, Silva GAP, Aquino R, Hartz, ZMA. Uso de modelos teóricos na avaliação em saúde: aspectos conceituais e operacionais. In: Hartz ZMA, Vieira-da-Silva L, organizadoras. Avaliação em saúde: dos modelos teóricos à prática na avaliação de programas e sistemas de saúde. Rio de Janeiro: Fiocruz; 2005. p.41-63. (Figure 2).

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Figure 2
Schematic representation of the theoretical model of the Family Health Support Centers.

NASF: Family Health Support Center; FH/PC Teams: teams from the Family Health and Primary Care for Specific Populations; PC: Primary Care; SUS: Brazilian Unified Health System

We identified different contextual factors that act directly on PC and interfere in the relation established between the NASF and supported teams. The social and health needs of the population, for example, require managers to identify priorities and define strategies to handle reality. This influences the definition of the constitution of the NASF teams and their way of operating in each territory22. Ministério da Saúde (BR), Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde, Departamento de Atenção Básica. Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Vol. 1: ferramentas para a gestão e para o trabalho cotidiano. Brasília (DF); Ministério da Saúde; 2014 [cited 2017 Jan 13]. (Cadernos de Atenção Básica, 39). Available from: http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/nucleo_apoio_saude_familia_cab39.pdf
http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoe... ,33. Ministério da Saúde (BR), Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde, Departamento de Atenção Básica. Política Nacional de Atenção Básica. Brasília (DF): 2012 [cited 2017 Jan 13]. (Série E. Legislação em Saúde). Available from: http://189.28.128.100/dab/docs/publicacoes/geral/pnab.pdf
http://189.28.128.100/dab/docs/publicaco... ,1616. Ministério da Saúde (BR). Diretrizes do NASF: Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Brasília (DF); 2009..

The Brazilian Federal Constitution and the legislation governing the SUS, especially the National Primary Care Policy, together with the different existing care models, are also determinants for the relation established. Currently, the biological model predominates. This model guides the work of the FH/PC teams to the individual care of great demand, shortening the time available for discussion, pacing, and joint work. This can pressure practitioners to support its reproduction, leading the NASF to malfunction1717. Cunha GT, Campos GWS. Apoio matricial e Atenção Primária em Saúde. Saude Soc. 2011;20(4):961-70. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-12902011000400013
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-1290201100... ,1818. Lancman S, Gonçalves RMA, Cordone NG, Barros JO. Estudo do trabalho e do trabalhar no Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Rev Saude Publica. 2013;47(5):867-75. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-8910.2013047004770
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-8910.20130... . The discrepancy leads to resistance and conflicts and hinders the collaborative work and co-responsibility.

In addition to this, we can also mention the professional training commonly deficient in the matrix support logic, the aspects related to SUS funding that directly interfere with the technical proposal related to the configuration and performance of the NASF (including the number of teams supported and the population cared for), and the structure of the Health Care Networks (HCN), especially of Medium Complexity44. Nascimento DDG, Oliveira MAC. Reflexões sobre as competências profissionais para o processo de trabalho nos Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Mundo Saude. 2010 [cited 2017 Jan 13];34(1):92-6. Available from: https://www.saocamilo-sp.br/pdf/mundo_saude/74/12_revisao_reflexoes.pdf
https://www.saocamilo-sp.br/pdf/mundo_sa... ,1818. Lancman S, Gonçalves RMA, Cordone NG, Barros JO. Estudo do trabalho e do trabalhar no Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Rev Saude Publica. 2013;47(5):867-75. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-8910.2013047004770
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-8910.20130... ,1919. Fragelli TBO, Shimizu HE. Competências profissionais para o trabalho do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Rev APS. 2014 [cited 2017 Jan 13];17(3):334-44. Available from: https://aps.ufjf.emnuvens.com.br/aps/article/view/2213/824
https://aps.ufjf.emnuvens.com.br/aps/art... . The incipience of the HCN may distort the proposal of integrated work by leading to the use of the NASF as a replacement of the Networks, directing it only to the specialized work1818. Lancman S, Gonçalves RMA, Cordone NG, Barros JO. Estudo do trabalho e do trabalhar no Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Rev Saude Publica. 2013;47(5):867-75. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-8910.2013047004770
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-8910.20130... .

Contrary to this logic, the integrated work between teams takes place from the theoretical-methodological framework of the matrix support, considering22. Ministério da Saúde (BR), Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde, Departamento de Atenção Básica. Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Vol. 1: ferramentas para a gestão e para o trabalho cotidiano. Brasília (DF); Ministério da Saúde; 2014 [cited 2017 Jan 13]. (Cadernos de Atenção Básica, 39). Available from: http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/nucleo_apoio_saude_familia_cab39.pdf
http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoe... :

  • That the NASF should act in an integrated and collaborative manner with the FH/PC teams at the individual and collective care levels. It must have under its own responsibility the supported team itself, as well as the direct care of the population and the action on the surrounding territory22. Ministério da Saúde (BR), Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde, Departamento de Atenção Básica. Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Vol. 1: ferramentas para a gestão e para o trabalho cotidiano. Brasília (DF); Ministério da Saúde; 2014 [cited 2017 Jan 13]. (Cadernos de Atenção Básica, 39). Available from: http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/nucleo_apoio_saude_familia_cab39.pdf
    http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoe...     ,33. Ministério da Saúde (BR), Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde, Departamento de Atenção Básica. Política Nacional de Atenção Básica. Brasília (DF): 2012 [cited 2017 Jan 13]. (Série E. Legislação em Saúde). Available from: http://189.28.128.100/dab/docs/publicacoes/geral/pnab.pdf
    http://189.28.128.100/dab/docs/publicaco...     ,1616. Ministério da Saúde (BR). Diretrizes do NASF: Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Brasília (DF); 2009.;

  • Integrity as a precept for the organization of health services;

  • Interdisciplinary action, which should promote the disruption of verticalized relations and minimize the occurrence of iatrogenies;

  • That the NASF and supported teams should share responsibility for their users and territories, rather than transferring it. This implies co-responsibility, guiding actions developed in contrast to the models based on the fragmented and individualized care44. Nascimento DDG, Oliveira MAC. Reflexões sobre as competências profissionais para o processo de trabalho nos Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Mundo Saude. 2010 [cited 2017 Jan 13];34(1):92-6. Available from: https://www.saocamilo-sp.br/pdf/mundo_saude/74/12_revisao_reflexoes.pdf
    https://www.saocamilo-sp.br/pdf/mundo_sa...     ; and,

  • That the technical-pedagogical and care dimensions of the matrix support are complementary and can be considered as practical aspects of the operationalization of the principles and guidelines of the SUS, especially integrality and interdisciplinarity, resulting in actions based on extended care1616. Ministério da Saúde (BR). Diretrizes do NASF: Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Brasília (DF); 2009..

It is hoped that the fragmented and medical logic of the health care can be overcome in favor of the integral care, whose reorientation occurs together with the Family Health Strategy11. Ministério da Saúde (BR). Portaria N° 154, de 24 de janeiro de 2008. Cria os Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família – NASF. Brasília (DF); 2008 [cited 2017 Jan 13]. Available from: http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/saudelegis/gm/2008/prt0154_24_01_2008.html
http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/saudelegis... ,2020. Anjos KF, Meira SS, Ferraz CEO, Vilela ABA, Boery RNSO, Sena ELS. Perspectivas e desafios do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família quanto às práticas em saúde. Saude Debate. 2013;37(99):672-80. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-11042013000400015
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-1104201300... –2222. Moura RH, Luzio CA. O apoio institucional como uma das faces da função apoio no Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF): para além das diretrizes. Interface (Botucatu). 2014;18 Supl 1:957-70. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-57622013.0333
https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-57622013.03... . As a result, the NASF should support, improve, and expand the health care, strengthening the attributes of the Primary Health Care (PHC) together with the supported teams22. Ministério da Saúde (BR), Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde, Departamento de Atenção Básica. Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Vol. 1: ferramentas para a gestão e para o trabalho cotidiano. Brasília (DF); Ministério da Saúde; 2014 [cited 2017 Jan 13]. (Cadernos de Atenção Básica, 39). Available from: http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/nucleo_apoio_saude_familia_cab39.pdf
http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoe... –44. Nascimento DDG, Oliveira MAC. Reflexões sobre as competências profissionais para o processo de trabalho nos Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Mundo Saude. 2010 [cited 2017 Jan 13];34(1):92-6. Available from: https://www.saocamilo-sp.br/pdf/mundo_saude/74/12_revisao_reflexoes.pdf
https://www.saocamilo-sp.br/pdf/mundo_sa... ,77. Oliveira IC, Rocha RM, Cutolo LRA. Algumas palavras sobre o NASF: relatando uma experiência acadêmica. Rev Bras Educ Med. 2012;36(4):574-80. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-55022012000600019
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-5502201200... ,1616. Ministério da Saúde (BR). Diretrizes do NASF: Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Brasília (DF); 2009.,2020. Anjos KF, Meira SS, Ferraz CEO, Vilela ABA, Boery RNSO, Sena ELS. Perspectivas e desafios do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família quanto às práticas em saúde. Saude Debate. 2013;37(99):672-80. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-11042013000400015
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-1104201300... ,2323. Ribeiro MDA, Bezerra EMA, Costa MS, Castelo Branco CE, Araújo Neto JD, Moreira AKF, et al. Avaliação da atuação do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Rev Bras Promoç Saude. 2014;27(2):224-31. https://doi.org/10.5020/2426
https://doi.org/10.5020/2426... ,2424. Bonaldi AP, Ribeiro MD. Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família: as ações de promoção da saúde no cenário da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Rev APS. 2014 [cited 2017 Jan 13];17(2):195-203. Available from: an https://aps.ufjf.emnuvens.com.br/aps/article/view/2072
https://aps.ufjf.emnuvens.com.br/aps/art... .

Logical Model

It is hoped that the NASF can expand the scope of the PC, increase its ability to respond to health problems and needs, and assist the population demands that are not met by the supported teams11. Ministério da Saúde (BR). Portaria N° 154, de 24 de janeiro de 2008. Cria os Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família – NASF. Brasília (DF); 2008 [cited 2017 Jan 13]. Available from: http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/saudelegis/gm/2008/prt0154_24_01_2008.html
http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/saudelegis... ,33. Ministério da Saúde (BR), Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde, Departamento de Atenção Básica. Política Nacional de Atenção Básica. Brasília (DF): 2012 [cited 2017 Jan 13]. (Série E. Legislação em Saúde). Available from: http://189.28.128.100/dab/docs/publicacoes/geral/pnab.pdf
http://189.28.128.100/dab/docs/publicaco... ,44. Nascimento DDG, Oliveira MAC. Reflexões sobre as competências profissionais para o processo de trabalho nos Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Mundo Saude. 2010 [cited 2017 Jan 13];34(1):92-6. Available from: https://www.saocamilo-sp.br/pdf/mundo_saude/74/12_revisao_reflexoes.pdf
https://www.saocamilo-sp.br/pdf/mundo_sa... ,77. Oliveira IC, Rocha RM, Cutolo LRA. Algumas palavras sobre o NASF: relatando uma experiência acadêmica. Rev Bras Educ Med. 2012;36(4):574-80. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-55022012000600019
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-5502201200... ,1717. Cunha GT, Campos GWS. Apoio matricial e Atenção Primária em Saúde. Saude Soc. 2011;20(4):961-70. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-12902011000400013
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-1290201100... ,2020. Anjos KF, Meira SS, Ferraz CEO, Vilela ABA, Boery RNSO, Sena ELS. Perspectivas e desafios do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família quanto às práticas em saúde. Saude Debate. 2013;37(99):672-80. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-11042013000400015
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-1104201300... –2323. Ribeiro MDA, Bezerra EMA, Costa MS, Castelo Branco CE, Araújo Neto JD, Moreira AKF, et al. Avaliação da atuação do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Rev Bras Promoç Saude. 2014;27(2):224-31. https://doi.org/10.5020/2426
https://doi.org/10.5020/2426... . Thus, we decided to elaborate the logical model for the evaluation of its results regarding the broadening of the access and the resolubility of the PC.

In order to show how the intervention under study should be implemented, we identified the dimensions, specific objectives, and expected results from the work integrated to the FH/PC teams (Figure 3).

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Figure 3
Schematic representation of the logical model of the results achieved by the Family Health Support Centers focused on expanding the access and resolubility in Primary Care.

NASF: Family Health Support Center; PC: Primary Care; HCN: Health Care Networks

The first dimension of the model presented as intermediary results the qualification of the supported teams and the potential of the extended care1717. Cunha GT, Campos GWS. Apoio matricial e Atenção Primária em Saúde. Saude Soc. 2011;20(4):961-70. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-12902011000400013
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-1290201100... ,2121. Campos GWS, Figueiredo MD, Pereira Júnior N, Castro CP. A aplicação da metodologia Paideia no apoio institucional, no apoio matricial e na clínica ampliada. Interface (Botucatu). 2014;18 Supl 1:983-95. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-57622013.0324
https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-57622013.03... ,2222. Moura RH, Luzio CA. O apoio institucional como uma das faces da função apoio no Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF): para além das diretrizes. Interface (Botucatu). 2014;18 Supl 1:957-70. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-57622013.0333
https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-57622013.03... ,2424. Bonaldi AP, Ribeiro MD. Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família: as ações de promoção da saúde no cenário da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Rev APS. 2014 [cited 2017 Jan 13];17(2):195-203. Available from: an https://aps.ufjf.emnuvens.com.br/aps/article/view/2072
https://aps.ufjf.emnuvens.com.br/aps/art... ,2525. Silva ATC, Aguiar ME, Winck K, Rodrigues KGW, Sato ME, Grisi SJFE, et al. Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família: desafios e potencialidades na visão dos profissionais da Atenção Primária do Município de São Paulo, Brasil. Cad Saude Publica. 2012;28(11):2076-84. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2012001100007
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X201200... . The technicalpedagogical and care interventions of the matrix support allow the expansion of the scope and offer of actions in PC with the qualification of teams to produce care and to meet previously unmet health needs. The incorporation of the NASF professionals, therefore, in addition to expanding human resources, should enable the offering of actions with greater proximity to the territory and the reality of this population, with the work articulated to the FH/PC teams11. Ministério da Saúde (BR). Portaria N° 154, de 24 de janeiro de 2008. Cria os Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família – NASF. Brasília (DF); 2008 [cited 2017 Jan 13]. Available from: http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/saudelegis/gm/2008/prt0154_24_01_2008.html
http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/saudelegis... –44. Nascimento DDG, Oliveira MAC. Reflexões sobre as competências profissionais para o processo de trabalho nos Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Mundo Saude. 2010 [cited 2017 Jan 13];34(1):92-6. Available from: https://www.saocamilo-sp.br/pdf/mundo_saude/74/12_revisao_reflexoes.pdf
https://www.saocamilo-sp.br/pdf/mundo_sa... ,77. Oliveira IC, Rocha RM, Cutolo LRA. Algumas palavras sobre o NASF: relatando uma experiência acadêmica. Rev Bras Educ Med. 2012;36(4):574-80. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-55022012000600019
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-5502201200... ,1616. Ministério da Saúde (BR). Diretrizes do NASF: Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Brasília (DF); 2009.,1818. Lancman S, Gonçalves RMA, Cordone NG, Barros JO. Estudo do trabalho e do trabalhar no Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Rev Saude Publica. 2013;47(5):867-75. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-8910.2013047004770
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-8910.20130... ,2020. Anjos KF, Meira SS, Ferraz CEO, Vilela ABA, Boery RNSO, Sena ELS. Perspectivas e desafios do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família quanto às práticas em saúde. Saude Debate. 2013;37(99):672-80. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-11042013000400015
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-1104201300... ,2323. Ribeiro MDA, Bezerra EMA, Costa MS, Castelo Branco CE, Araújo Neto JD, Moreira AKF, et al. Avaliação da atuação do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Rev Bras Promoç Saude. 2014;27(2):224-31. https://doi.org/10.5020/2426
https://doi.org/10.5020/2426... .

The second dimension, called “Resolubility”, showed the intention that the implementation of the NASF contributes to expand the coordination and longitudinality of the care by the supported teams. To this end, it should favor the articulation of the PC with other points of the HCN and intersectoral services and qualify the referrals11. Ministério da Saúde (BR). Portaria N° 154, de 24 de janeiro de 2008. Cria os Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família – NASF. Brasília (DF); 2008 [cited 2017 Jan 13]. Available from: http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/saudelegis/gm/2008/prt0154_24_01_2008.html
http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/saudelegis... ,22. Ministério da Saúde (BR), Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde, Departamento de Atenção Básica. Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Vol. 1: ferramentas para a gestão e para o trabalho cotidiano. Brasília (DF); Ministério da Saúde; 2014 [cited 2017 Jan 13]. (Cadernos de Atenção Básica, 39). Available from: http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/nucleo_apoio_saude_familia_cab39.pdf
http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoe... ,2525. Silva ATC, Aguiar ME, Winck K, Rodrigues KGW, Sato ME, Grisi SJFE, et al. Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família: desafios e potencialidades na visão dos profissionais da Atenção Primária do Município de São Paulo, Brasil. Cad Saude Publica. 2012;28(11):2076-84. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2012001100007
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X201200... .

Actions that improve the use of the Secondary and Tertiary Care Network, such as the reorganization of demand and improvement of the relation between the different care points, should promote the rationalization of the access to specialized resources and contribute to expand the ability of the FH/PC teams to coordinate the care of users22. Ministério da Saúde (BR), Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde, Departamento de Atenção Básica. Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Vol. 1: ferramentas para a gestão e para o trabalho cotidiano. Brasília (DF); Ministério da Saúde; 2014 [cited 2017 Jan 13]. (Cadernos de Atenção Básica, 39). Available from: http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/nucleo_apoio_saude_familia_cab39.pdf
http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoe... ,44. Nascimento DDG, Oliveira MAC. Reflexões sobre as competências profissionais para o processo de trabalho nos Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Mundo Saude. 2010 [cited 2017 Jan 13];34(1):92-6. Available from: https://www.saocamilo-sp.br/pdf/mundo_saude/74/12_revisao_reflexoes.pdf
https://www.saocamilo-sp.br/pdf/mundo_sa... ,77. Oliveira IC, Rocha RM, Cutolo LRA. Algumas palavras sobre o NASF: relatando uma experiência acadêmica. Rev Bras Educ Med. 2012;36(4):574-80. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-55022012000600019
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-5502201200... ,1717. Cunha GT, Campos GWS. Apoio matricial e Atenção Primária em Saúde. Saude Soc. 2011;20(4):961-70. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-12902011000400013
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-1290201100... ,2525. Silva ATC, Aguiar ME, Winck K, Rodrigues KGW, Sato ME, Grisi SJFE, et al. Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família: desafios e potencialidades na visão dos profissionais da Atenção Primária do Município de São Paulo, Brasil. Cad Saude Publica. 2012;28(11):2076-84. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2012001100007
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X201200... . They collaborate to strengthen the attribute of longitudinality, which tends to produce more precise diagnoses and treatments and reduce procedures of greater technological density and unnecessary referrals to experts2626. Oliveira MAC, Pereira IC. Atributos essenciais da Atenção Primária e a Estratégia Saúde da Família. Rev Bras Enferm. 2013;66 No Espec:158-64. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-71672013000700020
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-7167201300... .

The support of the NASF should therefore favor the continuity and ordering of the care by the PC, strengthening it in the HCN, without disregarding that such results also depend on other factors22. Ministério da Saúde (BR), Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde, Departamento de Atenção Básica. Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Vol. 1: ferramentas para a gestão e para o trabalho cotidiano. Brasília (DF); Ministério da Saúde; 2014 [cited 2017 Jan 13]. (Cadernos de Atenção Básica, 39). Available from: http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/nucleo_apoio_saude_familia_cab39.pdf
http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoe... ,2525. Silva ATC, Aguiar ME, Winck K, Rodrigues KGW, Sato ME, Grisi SJFE, et al. Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família: desafios e potencialidades na visão dos profissionais da Atenção Primária do Município de São Paulo, Brasil. Cad Saude Publica. 2012;28(11):2076-84. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2012001100007
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X201200... . Its contribution to the organization and the reduction of unnecessary referrals to other services is an important action against the limitations of the Network in the various care points22. Ministério da Saúde (BR), Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde, Departamento de Atenção Básica. Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Vol. 1: ferramentas para a gestão e para o trabalho cotidiano. Brasília (DF); Ministério da Saúde; 2014 [cited 2017 Jan 13]. (Cadernos de Atenção Básica, 39). Available from: http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/nucleo_apoio_saude_familia_cab39.pdf
http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoe... ,77. Oliveira IC, Rocha RM, Cutolo LRA. Algumas palavras sobre o NASF: relatando uma experiência acadêmica. Rev Bras Educ Med. 2012;36(4):574-80. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-55022012000600019
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-5502201200... ,1818. Lancman S, Gonçalves RMA, Cordone NG, Barros JO. Estudo do trabalho e do trabalhar no Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Rev Saude Publica. 2013;47(5):867-75. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-8910.2013047004770
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-8910.20130... ,2525. Silva ATC, Aguiar ME, Winck K, Rodrigues KGW, Sato ME, Grisi SJFE, et al. Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família: desafios e potencialidades na visão dos profissionais da Atenção Primária do Município de São Paulo, Brasil. Cad Saude Publica. 2012;28(11):2076-84. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2012001100007
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X201200... .

Evaluation Matrix

The evaluation matrix of the results of the NASF focused on the work integrated to the supported teams was built based on the theoretical and logical models. It presents the dimensions of “Access” and “Resolubility”, with two sub-dimensions and four indicators each (Box).

Thumbnail
Box
Evaluation matrix of the results produced by the Family Health Support Centers based on the work integrated to supported teams.

In the dimension of “Access”, we considered the double burden of responsibility attributed to the NASF22. Ministério da Saúde (BR), Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde, Departamento de Atenção Básica. Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Vol. 1: ferramentas para a gestão e para o trabalho cotidiano. Brasília (DF); Ministério da Saúde; 2014 [cited 2017 Jan 13]. (Cadernos de Atenção Básica, 39). Available from: http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/nucleo_apoio_saude_familia_cab39.pdf
http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoe... . In the sub-dimension of “Performance of the Supported Teams”, we sought to identify the results of the technical-pedagogical dimension of the matrix support on the ability to produce care by the teams supported by two indicators: Care practice, which seeks to identify the increase of the ability of the teams supported for the effectiveness of the care from the analysis and performance in clinical terms, and Health practice, which aims to identify the increase of the ability of the FH/PC teams for the effectiveness of the care with the analysis and action under the health and collective intervention terms33. Ministério da Saúde (BR), Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde, Departamento de Atenção Básica. Política Nacional de Atenção Básica. Brasília (DF): 2012 [cited 2017 Jan 13]. (Série E. Legislação em Saúde). Available from: http://189.28.128.100/dab/docs/publicacoes/geral/pnab.pdf
http://189.28.128.100/dab/docs/publicaco... ,77. Oliveira IC, Rocha RM, Cutolo LRA. Algumas palavras sobre o NASF: relatando uma experiência acadêmica. Rev Bras Educ Med. 2012;36(4):574-80. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-55022012000600019
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-5502201200... ,2020. Anjos KF, Meira SS, Ferraz CEO, Vilela ABA, Boery RNSO, Sena ELS. Perspectivas e desafios do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família quanto às práticas em saúde. Saude Debate. 2013;37(99):672-80. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-11042013000400015
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-1104201300... ,2222. Moura RH, Luzio CA. O apoio institucional como uma das faces da função apoio no Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF): para além das diretrizes. Interface (Botucatu). 2014;18 Supl 1:957-70. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-57622013.0333
https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-57622013.03... ,2525. Silva ATC, Aguiar ME, Winck K, Rodrigues KGW, Sato ME, Grisi SJFE, et al. Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família: desafios e potencialidades na visão dos profissionais da Atenção Primária do Município de São Paulo, Brasil. Cad Saude Publica. 2012;28(11):2076-84. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2012001100007
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X201200... .

For the sub-dimension of “Interdisciplinarity and Integrality”, we selected the following indicators: Team integration and sharing, which verifies the results achieved on the interdisciplinary, integrated, and collaborative work ability between the supported teams and the NASF for the production of care, and Actions offered by the NASF, which evaluates the results achieved on the expansion of the scope and the access to specific care actions of the NASF in order to respond to the health needs and demands previously unmet by the FH/PC teams.

In the dimension of “Resolubility”, we considered that the actions of the NASF should strengthen the coordination ability and the provision of longitudinal care by the supported teams, as well as the horizontal cooperation and work with other care points. With a logic that privileges the collaborative work, it should increase the potential of the PC as a manager and the main access of the HCN, also increasing its resolubility.

In the sub-dimension of “Coordination of the care”, we expected that the shared responsibility would lead to a review of the referral practice based on the referral and counter-referral, extending it to the sharing of responsibilities33. Ministério da Saúde (BR), Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde, Departamento de Atenção Básica. Política Nacional de Atenção Básica. Brasília (DF): 2012 [cited 2017 Jan 13]. (Série E. Legislação em Saúde). Available from: http://189.28.128.100/dab/docs/publicacoes/geral/pnab.pdf
http://189.28.128.100/dab/docs/publicaco... . The indicators selected for this sub-dimension (Therapeutic Management in Primary Care and Collaboration of the Primary Care with other points of the HCN and intersectoral services) aimed to identify the results achieved in relation to the shared care management ability of the NASF and the supported teams and other care points, in addition to the ability to develop integrated actions in the Care Networks and intersectoral services.

In the last sub-dimension of “Longitudinality”, we considered that longitudinality requires a regular source of attention and use over time, regardless of the type of problem2626. Oliveira MAC, Pereira IC. Atributos essenciais da Atenção Primária e a Estratégia Saúde da Família. Rev Bras Enferm. 2013;66 No Espec:158-64. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-71672013000700020
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-7167201300... . The indicator of “Continuity of the clinical relationship in PC” aimed to identify the results of the NASF on the ability of the PC for its accomplishment. This is because it assumes the guarantee of integral care and is one of the aspects that can determine the ability to provide longitudinal care33. Ministério da Saúde (BR), Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde, Departamento de Atenção Básica. Política Nacional de Atenção Básica. Brasília (DF): 2012 [cited 2017 Jan 13]. (Série E. Legislação em Saúde). Available from: http://189.28.128.100/dab/docs/publicacoes/geral/pnab.pdf
http://189.28.128.100/dab/docs/publicaco... . In the specific context of PC, health care is a strategy to reach personal longitudinality as it is related to the good communication and favors the continuity of the care, so that the NASF can contribute to its consolidation2626. Oliveira MAC, Pereira IC. Atributos essenciais da Atenção Primária e a Estratégia Saúde da Família. Rev Bras Enferm. 2013;66 No Espec:158-64. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-71672013000700020
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-7167201300... . In addition, it can offer support in unexpected situations or which demand immediate action, considering the ability of each team to handle these situations.

The increase in the number of professionals inserted in the PC would also increase the ability for clinical Resolution, the last indicator presented. In addition to expanding the professional knowledge and practices, the mobility and vision of the NASF regarding the diverse teams favor connections, including the intersectoral ones, and increase therapeutic projects, with potential to improve care networks and flows in the work of these teams22. Ministério da Saúde (BR), Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde, Departamento de Atenção Básica. Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Vol. 1: ferramentas para a gestão e para o trabalho cotidiano. Brasília (DF); Ministério da Saúde; 2014 [cited 2017 Jan 13]. (Cadernos de Atenção Básica, 39). Available from: http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/nucleo_apoio_saude_familia_cab39.pdf
http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoe... . As a consequence, it should contribute to rationalize the access to specialized health services and intersectoral services based on actions shared with FH/PC teams1717. Cunha GT, Campos GWS. Apoio matricial e Atenção Primária em Saúde. Saude Soc. 2011;20(4):961-70. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-12902011000400013
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-1290201100... .

Access and resolvability were considered transverse axes of observation of the evaluative matrix insofar as they are presented as expected final results and are simultaneously involved in the two dimensions evaluated. Quality was present in the entire matrix, understood as the ability to meet the attributes of value and merit, that is, to apply properly the resources and to do what is proposed right to meet the needs of the FH/PC teams and users (Scriven, 1991 apud Scaratti and Calvo, 2012)2727. Scaratti D, Calvo MCM. Indicador sintético para avaliar a qualidade da gestão municipal da atenção basca à saúde. Rev Saude Publica. 2012;46(3):446-55. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102012005000034
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-8910201200... . While higher quality is achieved when the final results of the integrated work between the NASF and supported teams are obtained, quality also interferes with the ability of these teams to achieve these results.

DISCUSSION

The short time of existence of the NASF and the lack of evaluation studies on the subject indicate the importance of research studies that contribute to the understanding of this intervention and to the proposition of questions that direct the formative evaluation of these teams1111. Natal S, Samico I, Oliveira LGD, Assis AMJ. Estudo de avaliabilidade da rede de formação de Recursos Humanos da Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde do Ministério da Saúde. Cad Saude Coletiva. 2010 [cited 2017 Jan 13];18(4):560-71. Available from: http://www.cadernos.iesc.ufrj.br/cadernos/images/csc/2010_4/artigos/CSC_v18n4_560-571.pdf
http://www.cadernos.iesc.ufrj.br/caderno... .

In the absence of an explicit and clearly articulated theory, we had to develop the theoretical and logical models of the intervention1111. Natal S, Samico I, Oliveira LGD, Assis AMJ. Estudo de avaliabilidade da rede de formação de Recursos Humanos da Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde do Ministério da Saúde. Cad Saude Coletiva. 2010 [cited 2017 Jan 13];18(4):560-71. Available from: http://www.cadernos.iesc.ufrj.br/cadernos/images/csc/2010_4/artigos/CSC_v18n4_560-571.pdf
http://www.cadernos.iesc.ufrj.br/caderno... . The identification of its components was important for the proposition of indicators that seek to favor the progress of the NASF. The selection of key informants with prior knowledge or experience in relation to the subject and health assessment was important to make the intended goal image clearer with the implementation of this team, as well as the way in which the intervention can be implemented to achieve it.

Based on the logical operational analysis, we can see the coherence between objectives and the structure of the NASF, although there are difficulties to operationalize it. We found challenges to achieve the expected integration and sharing from the integrated work between the NASF and the supported teams and, thus, the greater degree of quality and resolubility possible. Some of them are: low understanding about the matrix support and its little practical consolidation, difficulty in defining the work object of the NASF, understanding the NASF as an outpatient specialty service, poor training of workers to act in accordance with the recommended logic, insufficient organizational devices to support the shared work, presence of suppressed demand for some professional categories, and insufficient mechanisms to monitor and evaluate the results achieved44. Nascimento DDG, Oliveira MAC. Reflexões sobre as competências profissionais para o processo de trabalho nos Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família. Mundo Saude. 2010 [cited 2017 Jan 13];34(1):92-6. Available from: https://www.saocamilo-sp.br/pdf/mundo_saude/74/12_revisao_reflexoes.pdf
https://www.saocamilo-sp.br/pdf/mundo_sa... –66. Costa MML. O Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF): contextualização de sua implantação na Atenção Básica à Saúde no Brasil. Brasília (DF): Universidade de Brasília; 2013. Trabalho de conclusão de curso de bacharelado em Serviço Social.

The inadequacy of effective registration and monitoring mechanisms that address the actions of the NASF highlights the need to develop measurable and efficient tools for evaluation and management2828. Rodriguez MR, Leão MA, Souza, NKT. Monitoramento e supervisão do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF) em uma região administrativa do Distrito Federal utilizando-se análise de entrevistas. Rev Bras Med Fam Comum. 2014;9(30):38-44. https://doi.org/10.5712/rbmfc9(30)658
https://doi.org/10.5712/rbmfc9(30)658... . In order to better understand the work process of the NASF and to define strategies to reach the desired results, appropriate indicators need to be developed. Its insufficiency causes difficulties when guiding the actions towards the integrality and the interdisciplinarity of the care2828. Rodriguez MR, Leão MA, Souza, NKT. Monitoramento e supervisão do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF) em uma região administrativa do Distrito Federal utilizando-se análise de entrevistas. Rev Bras Med Fam Comum. 2014;9(30):38-44. https://doi.org/10.5712/rbmfc9(30)658
https://doi.org/10.5712/rbmfc9(30)658... .

The evaluation study (ES) should contribute to improve the development of the intervention analyzed. The theoretical and logical models and indicators proposed in the evaluation matrix are useful tools to support the formulation of policies and the management of the NASF in Brazil. By keeping the relation between them close, they explain the chain of causation that leads to the expected results and suggest mechanisms to identify if they are being reached, indicating their plausibility2929. Bezerra, LCA, Alves CKA, Reis YAC, Samico I, Felisberto E, Carvalho ALB, et al. Identificação e caracterização dos elementos constituintes de uma intervenção: pré-avaliação da política ParticipaSUS. Cienc Saude Coletiva. 2012;17(4):883-900. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-81232012000400011
https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-8123201200... . The developed ES should therefore contribute to evaluate whether the actions undertaken are moving towards the expected changes with the implementation of these teams in PC2929. Bezerra, LCA, Alves CKA, Reis YAC, Samico I, Felisberto E, Carvalho ALB, et al. Identificação e caracterização dos elementos constituintes de uma intervenção: pré-avaliação da política ParticipaSUS. Cienc Saude Coletiva. 2012;17(4):883-900. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-81232012000400011
https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-8123201200... .

Mechanisms need to be developed to evaluate and monitor the work of the NASF and the results produced from the integrated work to the supported teams. The FH/PC teams play an important role in consolidating the matrix support. Their organization and understanding of the new relation and care model are paramount to the arrangement of the NASF as a support team in PC and not as an expert service in that care context. The evaluation model presented aims to evaluate the results of the NASF from the work integrated to the supported teams.

The ES showed that the NASF is an evaluable intervention, as we could increase the knowledge about the intervention and define appropriate components and indicators. However, the intervention is not visibly illustrated in the different literatures analyzed, which complement each other but often bring new elements in relation to what is expected from its implementation. There is indicative of a lack of clarity about what is expected to be achieved from its integrated action to the supported teams. This makes the definition of appropriate indicators for the evaluation of these teams mandatory.

The models and matrix presented help advance this issue. The ES is presented as an alternative to qualify the understanding about the NASF and to highlight the identification and discussion of the results achieved, as well as strategies to achieve them.

Other evaluation designs can be developed for the intervention, including focusing on one or another dimension of the matrix support. In this study, we sought to overcome this duality in order to broaden the possibilities of the action of the NASF to reach the quality and resolubility expected from the work integrated to the supported teams.

There is no provision to control the external context of the integrated work between the NASF and supported teams in the proposed matrix, but it should be considered in the evaluation stage. The working conditions of the NASF and supported teams, the structure of the HCN, the composition and implementation time of the NASF, among other contextual factors, should be weighed in the studies that evaluate the results of the NASF from the integration to supported teams in different realities.

The models and the evaluation matrix started from the conception that the relation between these teams is guided by the principles and guidelines of the SUS and PHC, especially by the interdisciplinarity and integrality of the care, promoting co-responsibility and putting into practice the extended care. Considering the recent process of implementation of the NASF and the incipient mechanisms to evaluate the results, especially from the work integrated to the FH/PC teams, the ES can contribute with the qualification of this intervention in Brazil.

REFERENCES

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Publication Dates

  • Publication in this collection
    12 Apr 2018

History

  • Received
    20 Mar 2017
  • Accepted
    13 June 2017
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This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revsp@org.usp.br
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